Assessment of dynamic biotic and abiotic processes at the soil surface affected by different management systems

In agricultural areas the soil surface presents in general a vital interface that receives different impacts due to the tillage and residue management. In general the experimental data showed that the enzyme activities, microbial carbon, organic carbon and the Cmic/Corg ratio as well as the runoff ratios were significantly affected by the date of conversion from conventional to organic farming management and from the conventional management system. The experimental data received from the rainfall experiment showed that the soil surface crusting process at the conventional farming soils started earlier than at the organic farming soils. The conversion from conventional farming to organic farming results in a greater potential to infiltrate rainfall and lower runoff rates. These findings indicate furthermore that the activities of acid-phosphatase and ß-glucosidase can be used to identify differences between land use managements. They are also appropriate to find short time differences between the dates of conversion from conventional to organic farming.

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