000K  utf8
1100  $c2021
1500  eng
2050  urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00421-4
2051  10.3390/insects12040315
3000  Finetti, Luca
3010  Bernacchia, Giovanni
3010  Calò, Girolamo
3010  Roeder, Thomas
4000  The Insect Type 1 Tyramine Receptors$dFrom Structure to Behavior  [Finetti, Luca]
4209  Tyramine is a neuroactive compound that acts as neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, and neurohormone in insects. Three G protein-coupled receptors, TAR1-3, are responsible for mediating the intracellular pathway in the complex tyraminergic network. TAR1, the prominent player in this system, was initially classified as an octopamine receptor which can also be activated by tyramine, while it later appeared to be a true tyramine receptor. Even though TAR1 is currently considered as a well-defined tyramine receptor and several insect TAR1s have been characterized, a defined nomenclature is still inconsistent. In the last years, our knowledge on the structural, biochemical, and functional properties of TAR1 has substantially increased. This review summarizes the available information on TAR1 from different insect species in terms of basic structure, its regulation and signal transduction mechanisms, and its distribution and functions in the brain and the periphery. A special focus is given to the TAR1-mediated intracellular signaling pathways as well as to their physiological role in regulating behavioral traits. Therefore, this work aims to correlate, for the first time, the physiological relevance of TAR1 functions with the tyraminergic system in insects. In addition, pharmacological studies have shed light on compounds with insecticidal properties having TAR1 as a target and on the emerging trend in the development of novel strategies for pest control.
4950  https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12040315$xR$3Volltext$534
4950  https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00421-4$xR$3Volltext$534
4961  https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00001473
5051  570
5051  590
5550  G protein-coupled receptor
5550  Monoterpenes
5550  Octopamine
5550  Pharmacology
5550  Physiology
5550  Tyramine