000K utf8 1100 $c2021 1500 eng 2050 urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00861-4 2051 10.3390/rs13224647 3000 Rabiger-Völlmer, Johannes 3010 Berg, Stefanie 3010 Dietrich, Peter 3010 Ettel, Peter 3010 Lindauer, Susanne 3010 Linzen, Sven 3010 Schmidt, Johannes 3010 Schneider, Birgit 3010 Stele, Andreas 3010 Stolz, Ronny 3010 von Suchodoletz, Hans 3010 Werban, Ulrike 3010 Werther, Lukas 3010 Wilken, Dennis 3010 Zielhofer, Christoph 4000 High-Resolution Direct Push Sensing in Wetland Geoarchaeology—First Traces of Off-Site Construction Activities at the Fossa Carolina [Rabiger-Völlmer, Johannes] 4209 Wetland environments, with their excellent conservation conditions, provide geoarchaeological archives of past human activities. However, the subsurface soil is difficult to access due to high groundwater tables, unstable sediments, and the high cost of excavation. In this study, we present a ground-based non- and minimal-invasive prospection concept adapted to the conditions of wetlands. We investigated the Fossa Carolina in South Germany, a canal that was intended in 792/793 AD by Charlemagne to bridge the Central European Watershed. Although the resulting Carolingian banks and the fairway with wooden revetments are very imposing, archaeological traces of off-site construction activities have not been identified hitherto. Based on a geophysically surveyed intensive linear magnetic anomaly parallel to the Carolingian canal, we aimed to prove potential off-site traces of Carolingian construction activities. In this context, we built up a high-resolution cross-section using highly depth-accurate direct push sensing and ground-truthing. Our results showed the exact geometry of the canal and the former banks. Thus, the magnetic mass anomaly could be clearly located between the buried organic-rich topsoil and the Carolingian banks. The thermoluminescence dating showed that the position of the magnetic mass anomaly reflected Carolingian activities during the construction phases, specifically due to heat exposure. Moreover, we found hints of the groundwater supply to the 5-metre wide navigable fairway. 4950 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224647$xR$3Volltext$534 4950 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2021-00861-4$xR$3Volltext$534 4961 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00002223 5051 624 5550 direct push sensing 5550 early middle ages 5550 Fossa Carolina 5550 heated sediments 5550 high-resolution wetland exploration 5550 multi-method prospection 5550 off-site construction activities 5550 SQUID magnetic survey