The role of nicotinuric acid in metabolic inflammation and type 2 diabetes

There is high knowledge of tryptophan - and niacin metabolism in metabolic inflammation and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, effects of these metabolites need further investigation. Tryptophan is known to be an important biomarker to identify human subjects at high risk for T2D since an up-regulation is already detected in patients with prediabetes. On the other hand, the anti-inflammatory vitamin nicotinic acid (NA) is down-regulated in metabolic inflammation. Nicotinuric acid (NUA), the major catabolic product of NA, showed pro-inflammatory capacity by promoting polarization of M₀-macrophagesinM₁-macrophages. Nevertheless, there is only little knowledge about its properties and molecular mechanisms. The aim of this project is to specify the effects of NUA in metabolic inflammation and T2D.