000K utf8 1100 $c2021 1500 eng 2050 urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2022-00621-8 2051 10.3390/ijms22031443 3000 Kreitschitz, Agnieszka Monika 3010 Gorb, Stanislav 3010 Kovalev, Alexander 4000 Plant Seed Mucilage as a Glue: Adhesive Properties of Hydrated and Dried-in-Contact Seed Mucilage of Five Plant Species [Kreitschitz, Agnieszka Monika] 4209 Seed and fruit mucilage is composed of three types of polysaccharides-pectins, cellulose, and hemicelluloses-and demonstrates adhesive properties after hydration. One of the important functions of the mucilage is to enable seeds to attach to diverse natural surfaces. Due to its adhesive properties, which increase during dehydration, the diaspore can be anchored to the substrate (soil) or attached to an animal's body and dispersed over varied distances. After complete desiccation, the mucilage envelope forms a thin transparent layer around the diaspore creating a strong bond to the substrate. In the present study, we examined the mucilaginous seeds of six different plant taxa (from genera Linum, Lepidium, Ocimum, Salvia and Plantago) and addressed two main questions: (1) How strong is the adhesive bond of the dried mucilage envelope? and (2) What are the differences in adhesion between different mucilage types? Generally, the dried mucilage envelope revealed strong adhesive properties. Some differences between mucilage types were observed, particularly in relation to adhesive force (Fad) whose maximal values varied from 0.58 to 6.22 N. The highest adhesion force was revealed in the cellulose mucilage of Ocimum basilicum. However, mucilage lacking cellulose fibrils, such as that of Plantago ovata, also demonstrated high values of adhesion force with a maximum close to 5.74 N. The adhesion strength, calculated as force per unit contact area (Fad/A0), was comparable between studied taxa. Obtained results demonstrated (1) that the strength of mucilage adhesive bonds strongly surpasses the requirements necessary for epizoochory and (2) that seed mucilage has a high potential as a nontoxic, natural substance that can be used in water-based glues. 4950 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031443$xR$3Volltext$534 4950 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2022-00621-8$xR$3Volltext$534 4961 https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00003050 5051 333.7 5051 580 5051 600 5550 Adhesives 5550 Cell Adhesion 5550 Cellulose 5550 Cell Wall 5550 Elastic Modulus 5550 Flax 5550 Ocimum 5550 Plantago 5550 Plant Mucilage 5550 Plants 5550 Polysaccharides 5550 Pressure 5550 Seeds 5550 Species Specificity