000K  utf8
1100  $c2022
1500  eng
2050  urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2024-00393-5
2051  10.1007/s00435-022-00561-9
3000  Gorb, Stanislav
3010  Büsse, Sebastian
3010  Kohl, Stefan
3010  Wildermuth, Hansruedi
4000  Tarsal attachment structures of the biting midge Forcipomyia paludis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), a specialized ectoparasite of Odonata imagines$hSpringer Science and Business Media LLC  [Gorb, Stanislav]
4030  $nSpringer Science and Business Media LLC
4209  The female of the biting midge Forcipomyia paludis is a dipteran ectoparasite of West Palaearctic damselflies and dragonflies, sucking haemolymph mainly from wing veins of their hosts. This tiny midge remains firmly attached to the wings even during fast flight and aerial fight maneuvers as shown in the present paper by field studies of the large dragonfly, Cordulegaster boltonii. Since individuals of F. paludis firmly attach themselves to the challenging wing surface of their host and can successfully withstand drag and vibrations during flight, we assume that this midge species has specific microstructural adaptations on its legs for attaching to the wing surface. In our morphological study, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), to study the structure of F. paludis tarsi, as well as the micro morphology of the wing surfaces of their host. Additionally, for the first time, we were able to show attachment devices of the midges dried out in contact with the host’s surface. The spatulae of the plantar setae and especially the empodial setae, are capable of replicating nanoscale wax crystals of the super hydrophobic wing coverage of the dragonfly wing membrane, in order to increase an effective contact area and therefore adhesion. This ability requires extremely soft materials of the spatula, which seems to be rather unique even in comparison to the leg attachment devices of other dipterans and other insect taxa in general.
4950  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-022-00561-9$xR$3Volltext$534
4950  https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8:3-2024-00393-5$xR$3Volltext$534
4961  https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00004678
5051  590
5550  Adhesion
5550  Anisoptera
5550  Attachment
5550  Biting midge
5550  Parasitism
5550  Tarsus
5550  Zygoptera