Investigations on three species of Diptera associated with hawkweeds in Europe and their potential for biological control of alien invasive Hieracium spp. in New Zealand and North America

Hieracium spp. (Asteraceae) of Eurasian origin have become weeds in New Zealand, Australia and North and South America. They are particularly a problem in low production areas, nature reserves, and forest margins. Since traditional management efforts are either uneconomic or impractical, a project for biological control was initiated. In this thesis, the biology and host-specificity of the phytophagous hoverflies Cheilosia urbana (Meigen) and Cheilosia psilophthalma (Becker), and of the gall midge Macrolabis pilosellae (Binnie) were investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability and potential effectiveness of these selected herbivores as biological control agents of alien invasive hawkweeds.

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