Influence of Cleaning Methods on Resin Bonding to Contaminated Translucent 3Y-TZP ceramic

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of different cleaning methods on the resin bond strength to contaminated translucent
3Y-TZP ceramic.
Materials and Methods: A total of 133 airborne-particle abraded zirconia specimens (0.1 MPa) were divided into
7 groups. Uncontaminated zirconia specimens were either not cleaned (UN) or cleaned with cleaning paste (Ivoclean)
(UP1). After contamination by saliva and blood immersion, zirconia specimens were cleaned using either distilled
water rinsing (CW), 99% isopropanol in an ultrasonic bath (CI), cleaning paste according to manufacturer’s
instructions (CP1), cleaning paste with additional rubbing (CP2), or additional airborne-particle abrasion at 0.1 MPa
(CA). Three specimens from each group were examined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For each group,
sixteen Plexiglas tubes filled with composite resin (Clearfil FII) were bonded to the zirconia specimens using a
primer (Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus) and luting resin (Panavia V5). Before measuring tensile bond strength, specimens
were stored in distilled water for 3 days or 150 days plus 37,5000 thermal cycles.
Results: After 3 days, no group showed significantly different TBS compared to the control group UN (p > 0.05).
However, groups CW and CI showed significantly lower TBS than all other groups after 150 days (p ≤ 0.05). XPS
analysis revealed more organic residue on zirconia surfaces of groups CW and CI than on the other groups.
Conclusion: Cleaning with the cleaning paste and airborne-particle abrasion were effective in removing saliva and
blood contamination and enhancing the resin bond strength.

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