Neuronal networks underlying Jeavons-syndrome and eye closure sensitivity by using EEG source analysis methods

Eyelid myoclonia with absences (EMA) or Jeavons syndrome (JS) is considered to be the type of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, clinically characterized by eyelid myoclonia (EM) with or without absences, eye closure-induced electroencephalography (EEG) paroxysms, and photosensitivity. Interictal and ictal EEG mostly shows high amplitude discharges of generalised irregular spike/polyspike and waves (GSW) at 3-6 Hz often appearing immediately after closing the eyes (eye closure sensitivity). The mechanism underling eye closure sensitivity (ECS) and Jeavons syndrome is not well understood. The clinical and neuroimaging studies suggest that the occipital visual cortex and thalamus play the main role in the generation of EMA in the presence of light and eye closure. In our study, we attempted to estimate functional connectivity (FC) during ictal myoclonus and interictal generalized epileptic discharges using the imaginary part of coherency (iCoh) at the sensory and source level to find out what changes underlie JS and to find out whether there is a network-level difference between ictal and interictal discharges.The EEG data of 11 pediatric patients with the diagnosis of Jeavons syndrome were retrospectively collected and analyzed. In our FC study, we found a complex involvement of different brain networks. We saw the thalamus connection to the brain regions, which participate in state of consciousness, oculomotor control, myoclonus, eye closure sensitivity and photosensitivity. Our result complies with the previous results of fMRI studies performed in JS and IGEs Patients. However, when we compared the FC of ictal and interictal EEG paroxysms we could not find any significant differences. This could be due to the fact that we only selected one seizure type, myoclonus and excluded epochs with absences. We speculate that the reason we did not see any group differences is DM network is that the state of consciousness was not altered in the selected segmens

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