The Vγ4/butyrophilin conspiracy: novel role of intraepithelial γδ T cells in chronic inflammatory bowel disease

In a recent article published in Science, Dart and colleagues reported that colonic T cells expressing the V γ 4 T-cell receptor (TCR) interact with epithelial butyrophilin-like (BTNL) proteins BTNL3 and BTNL8 in healthy individuals, and they observed a depletion of V γ 4 T cells in in fl ammatory bowel diseases with renormalization associated with disease remission. This paper identifies the BTNL/V γ 4 axis as a new disease modifier in IBD.

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