Influence of aging on biaxial flexural strength, hardness and resin bond strength of the translucent zirconia

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of aging and surface treatment on biaxial flexural strength (BFS), Vickers hardness and the tensile bond strength (TBS) of high translucent zirconia.

For BFS, half of disc-shaped zirconia specimens were aged in an autoclave for 20h, the other half were not aged. Specimens were subjected to different surface treatments. Specimens were characterized by X-ray diffraction and were subjected to BFS and hardness test. For TBS, half of the disc-shaped zirconia specimens were aged in an autoclave for 20h, and the other half was not aged. Different surface treatments were applied. After that the discs were bonded using Panavia SA Plus or Panavia V5 with a separate primer. TBS were evaluated before and after thermocycling.

No monoclinic phase was detected for some groups, while others showed a considerable amount. BFS increased significantly with aging and particle air-abrasion, while hardness showed no effect. Before thermocycling, 20h aging showed almost no effect on the TBS. Particle air-abrasion caused a significant increase in TBS for all test groups, while the different used pressure showed no effect. After thermocycling, TBS of most groups decreased significantly.

A certain amount of monoclinic phase at the surface strengthens the high translucent zirconia, while hardness and roughness are not influenced. The used different pressure did not influence significantly the evaluated properties. Twenty hours aging in the autoclave had almost no influence on TBS. For the primer/resin bonding system higher pressure during particle air-abrasion might be advantageous to obtain a higher and more durable bond strength to zirconia.

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