Delta or Omicron BA.1/2-neutralizing antibody levels and T-cell reactivity after triple-vaccination or infection
In Germany, SARS-CoV-2 infections in fall 2021 were caused by the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant of concern (VOC), which was completely replaced by the Omicron (BA.1, B.1.529.1/BA.2, B.1.529.2) VOC in winter. Meanwhile, the BA.2 sublineage dominates, apparently having a selection advantage. We studied the kinetics of anti-spike (S) protein IgG, Delta neutralizing antibodies (NA), and the release of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) from stimulated T-cells in 152 individuals (117/35 women/men, median age 41 years) who received two doses of vector vaccine (AstraZeneca, AZD, N = 34), mRNA vaccine (BioNTech/Moderna, mRNA, N = 62), or a combination of both (N = 56) followed by an mRNA vaccine booster (N = 81). Delta and Omicron BA.1/BA.2 NAs and T-cell reactivity were analyzed in a subset of 15 age- and gender-matched vaccinees and in 10 triple-vaccinated and two unvaccinated individuals after BA.1 infection. The presence of Delta and Omicron BA.1-NA was assessed in unvaccinated convalescents after Alpha (N = 10) or Beta (N = 1) VOC infection. For more information, see the Appendix S1.
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